ECO-FRIENDLY FABRICATION OF METAL NANOPARTICLES USING PLANT EXTRACTS
Abstract
Eco-friendly fabrication of metal nanoparticles using plant extracts is an emerging and sustainable approach in nanotechnology. This green synthesis method utilizes bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and proteins present in plant extracts as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. Unlike conventional physical and chemical methods, plant-mediated synthesis avoids toxic chemicals, high energy consumption, and hazardous by-products. The process is simple, cost-effective, and environmentally benign. Metal ions such as silver, gold, zinc oxide, and copper are reduced into nanoparticles through interaction with plant metabolites. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibit unique physicochemical properties and show significant applications in medicine (antimicrobial, anticancer), agriculture (nano-fertilizers), environmental remediation (pollutant degradation), and catalysis.
Keywords:
Green synthesis, Metal nanoparticles, Plant extracts, Phytochemicals, Eco-friendly, nanotechnology, Biomedical applicationsReferences
1. Khan F, Shariq M, Asif M, Siddiqui MA, Malan P, Ahmad F. Green nanotechnology: plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis and application. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022;12(4):673. doi:10.3390/nano12040673.
2. Khan F, Shariq M, Asif M, Siddiqui MA, Malan P, Ahmad F. Green nanotechnology: plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis and application. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022;12(4):673. doi:10.3390/nano12040673.
3. Khan F, Shariq M, Asif M, Siddiqui MA, Malan P, Ahmad F. Green nanotechnology: plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis and application. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022;12(4):673. doi:10.3390/nano12040673.
4. Arumugam A, Karthikeyan C, Hameed AS, Gopinath K, Gowri S, Karthika V. Synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles using Gloriosa superba L. leaf extract and their structural, optical and antibacterial properties. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2015;49:408-415. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.042.
5. Khan F, Shariq M, Asif M, Siddiqui MA, Malan P, Ahmad F. Green nanotechnology: plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis and application. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022;12(4):673. doi:10.3390/nano12040673.
6. Hwisa NT, Gindi S, Rao CB, Katakam P, Rao Chandu B. Evaluation of antiulcer activity of Picrasma quassioides Bennett aqueous extract in rodents. Vedic Res Int Phytomedicine. 2013;1:27-32.
7. Gindi S, Methra T, Chandu R, et al. Antiurolithiatic and in vitro anti-oxidant activity of leaves of Ageratum conyzoides in rat. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2013;2(2):636-649.
8. Nama S, Chandu BR, et al. Development and validation of a new RP-HPLC method for the determination of aprepitant in solid dosage forms. Trop J Pharm Res. 2011;10(4):489-494.
9. Kiranmai R, Renuka P, Brahmaiah, Chandu BR. Vitamin D as a promising anticancer agent. Int J Res Pharm Chem. 2012;2(2):636-649.
10. Rao AA, Rao CHB, Devanna N. Design and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal bilayered tablets of metoprolol succinate. World J Pharm Res. 2017;7(3):172-178.
11. Sreekanth N, Awen BZ, Rao BC. Development and validation of new analytical methods for the estimation of capecitabine in pharmaceutical dosage form. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. 2010;1(2):39-46.
12. Adiki SK, Lahari K, Dey B, Khalf AMM, Al-Sharif SMO, Diaf SR, Katakam P, Chandu BR. Validated UV method development for the simultaneous estimation of rabeprazole sodium and cinitapride in tablets.
13. Shah M, Nawaz S, Jan H, Uddin N, Ali A, Anjum S, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Synthesis of bio-mediated silver nanoparticles from Silybum marianum and their biological and clinical activities. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020;112:110889. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2020.110889.
14. Luther DC, Huang R, Jeon T, Zhang X, Lee YW, Nagaraj H, Rotello VM. Delivery of drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids using inorganic nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;156:188-213. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.020.
15. Marslin G, Siram K, Maqbool Q, Selvakesavan RK, Kruszka D, Kachlicki P, Franklin G. Secondary metabolites in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Materials (Basel). 2018;11(6):940. doi:10.3390/ma11060940.
16. Barabadi H, Alizadeh Z, Rahimi MT, Barac A, Maraolo AE, Robertson LJ, Masjedi A, Shahrivar F, Ahmadpour E. Nanobiotechnology as an emerging approach to combat malaria: a systematic review. Nanomedicine. 2019;18:221-233. doi:10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.017.
17. Connor EE, Mamuka J, Gole A, Murphy CJ, Wyatt MD. Gold nanoparticles are taken up by human cells but do not cause acute cytotoxicity. Small. 2005;1(3):325-327. doi:10.1002/smll.200400093.
18. Ocsoy I, Gulbakan B, Chen T, Zhu G, Chen Z, Sari MM, Peng L, Xiong X, Fang X, Tan W. DNA-guided metal-nanoparticle formation on graphene oxide surface. Adv Mater. 2013;25(16):2319-2325. doi:10.1002/adma.201204944.
19. Leng Y, Fu L, Ye L, Li B, Xu X, Xing X, He J, Song Y, Leng C, Guo Y, Ji X. Protein-directed synthesis of highly monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles and their applications in multidimensional sensing. Sci Rep. 2016;6(1):28900. doi:10.1038/srep28900.
20. Barabadi H, Alizadeh Z, Rahimi MT, Barac A, Maraolo AE, Robertson LJ, Masjedi A, Shahrivar F, Ahmadpour E. Nanobiotechnology as an emerging approach to combat malaria: a systematic review. Nanomedicine. 2019;18:221-233. doi:10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.017.
21. Prasanthi G, Chandu BR, Pradeep Kumar Y, Swarnalatha D, Gopinath D. Chemical pharmacology of khat leaves. J Glob Trends Pharm Sci. 2014;5(4):2024-2029.
Published
Abstract Display: 0 
PDF Downloads: 0 How to Cite
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Deprecated: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprecated in /home/lapinjournals/domains/lapinjournals.com/public_html/plugins/generic/citations/CitationsPlugin.php on line 68
.