CONSEQUENCES OF ABRUPT DISCONTINUATION OF ANTI TUBERCULAR THERAPY (ATT) DUE TO ADVERSE DRUG REACTION (ADRS): A TERTIARY HOSPITAL BASED STUDY
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a major infectious disease that requires long-term treatment with multiple anti-tubercular drugs. Although this therapy is effective, prolonged drug use often leads to adverse drug reactions, which may result in poor adherence and abrupt discontinuation of treatment. The present study was conducted to evaluate the consequences of abrupt discontinuation of anti tubercular therapy (ATT) due to adverse drug reaction (ADRs): A tertiary hospital based study. A prospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital among 162 tuberculosis patients who discontinued treatment abruptly. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured format. Adverse drug reactions were assessed for severity using the Hartwig and Siegel scale, while causality was evaluated using the Naranjo algorithm and the WHO-UMC causality assessment system. Clinical outcomes such as relapse, hospitalization, and disease progression were also documented. The findings showed that adverse drug reactions were a major reason for treatment discontinuation. Gastrointestinal disturbances and hepatotoxicity were the most frequently observed reactions. Most adverse drug reactions were of moderate severity and were classified as probable on causality assessment. Patients experiencing severe adverse reactions had a higher risk of unfavourable outcomes, including relapse and hospitalization. In conclusion, adverse drug reactions significantly contribute to abrupt discontinuation of anti-tubercular therapy and negatively affect treatment outcomes. Regular monitoring of adverse drug reactions, early intervention, and effective patient counselling are essential to improve adherence and ensure successful tuberculosis treatment.
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, Anti-tubercular therapy, Adverse drug reactions, Treatment discontinuation, Causality assessment, Patient adherenceReferences
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