Unani Medicine in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Holistic Approach to Gut Health

Abstract

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Sehj-e-Ama) (IBS) is a prevalent digestive condition that disrupts normal bowel function, leading to symptoms like abdominal discomfort, pain, and irregular bowel habits. Unlike other gastrointestinal disorders, IBS does not cause any visible structural damage. Although it is frequently diagnosed in clinical settings, its underlying causes are not yet fully understood. In the past, many healthcare professionals considered IBS to be a physical reaction to psychological stress rather than a distinct medical condition. Managing IBS can be challenging for both patients and doctors, as it significantly affects daily life and lacks a straightforward treatment. While the exact cause remains uncertain, factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, diet, and gut bacteria are believed to play a role in its development. The condition is mainly characterized by symptoms such as constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain. Since medical tests typically show no abnormalities, diagnosis relies on assessing symptoms and medical history. At present, there is no definitive cure for IBS in any medical system. However, Unani medicine has long suggested various herbal and compound formulations to help manage digestive disorders. This review explores the preventive and therapeutic approaches to IBS within the Unani system of medicine.