“Enhancing public Health through Siddha: A Pathway to holistic wellness” Kann Thinavu (Allergic Conjunctivitis): A Siddha Perspective

Abstract

Kann Thinavu is one of the 96 eye diseases described in Siddha medicine. It is characterized by itching, redness, irritation, watery discharge, and blurred vision, correlating with allergic conjunctivitis in modern medicine. Siddha literature attributes its pathogenesis to deranged Pitham, Kapam, and Vatham due to internal and external factors. 
Aim and Objective
To explore the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment modalities of Kann Thinavu as per Siddha medicine and its correlation with allergic conjunctivitis in modern science. 
Materials and Methods
This study analyzed Siddha texts on Kann Thinavu, its classification, symptoms, and treatments. Investigations such as Neer kuri, Nei kuri, Manikkadai nool, and modern diagnostic tools like skin prick tests and serum IgE were considered. Management included step-wise normalization of Uyirthathukkal, internal and external medications, special therapies, and dietary regulations. 
Results
Stage-wise treatment of Kann Thinavu yielded effective symptom management. 
- Stage 1: Internal medicines (Chooranam, Lekiyam), external therapies (Anjanam, Kann Kazhuval), and lifestyle modifications showed relief in redness and irritation. 

- Stage 2: Advanced medications like Parpam and oil baths improved burning sensation and swelling. 

- Stage 3: Comprehensive treatment with Chenthuram, Pathangam, and external therapies reduced severe inflammation and secondary infections. 

- Stage 4: Severe cases required referral due to complications like corneal ulceration. 
Conclusion
Kann Thinavu, when addressed with Siddha principles and staged treatment, shows promising outcomes in symptom relief and prevention of complications. Preventive measures such as regular oil baths, purgation, and avoiding allergens play a crucial role. Siddha system offers a holistic approach to managing allergic conjunctivitis.